Many consider E-cigarettes (ECs) to be a gateway to combustible cigarette use. Accordingly using PATH data, several studies have attempted to demonstrate that adolescents who use e-cigarettes at one point in time are more likely to use combustible cigarettes later. In 2017, for example, Bold et al. evaluated the trajectory of e-cigarette use among teens and found that those who used them were seven times more likely to go on to smoke combustible cigarettes than teens who did not. [...]